New Jersey State Board Esthetics Practice Exam

Which method is commonly used to penetrate products into the skin?

1. Iontophoresis

2. Microdermabrasion

3. Chemical peeling

4. Facial massage

The correct answer is: Iontophoresis

Iontophoresis is a method that uses electrical currents to facilitate the penetration of active ingredients and products into the skin. This technology enhances product absorption by creating a temporary increase in the permeability of the skin's outer layer, allowing products to be delivered more effectively. This method is particularly useful in esthetics for infusing serums or other solutions that aim to treat specific skin concerns, such as hydration or pigmentation issues. Microdermabrasion, chemical peeling, and facial massage have different primary functions. Microdermabrasion works on the surface layer of the skin to exfoliate and improve texture but does not significantly enhance product penetration. Chemical peeling involves the application of specific formulations to promote skin renewal and exfoliation, also focusing more on surface treatment rather than direct infusion of products. Facial massage primarily serves to improve circulation, relax muscles, and enhance product distribution on the skin but does not utilize electrical currents to promote deeper penetration like iontophoresis does.