New Jersey State Board Esthetics Practice Exam

What phase of metabolism is responsible for breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones?

1. Metabolic metabolism

2. Anabolic metabolism

3. Catabolic metabolism

4. Exponential metabolism

The correct answer is: Catabolic metabolism

Catabolic metabolism refers to the phase of metabolism where larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones. This process is essential for generating energy, as it involves the degradation of complex substances such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into simpler molecules like glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. This breakdown releases energy that can be stored or utilized immediately by the body for various functions, including cellular respiration and maintaining metabolic processes. In contrast, anabolic metabolism is focused on building larger molecules from smaller units, which requires energy input. Metabolic metabolism is not a commonly used term in scientific literature and does not accurately describe a phase of metabolic activity. Exponential metabolism is also not a recognized term in the context of metabolic processes. Therefore, catabolic metabolism is the appropriate and specific term for the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones, emphasizing its importance in the overall metabolic pathway.