New Jersey State Board Esthetics Practice Exam

What is usually the primary way disease can be passed on?

1. Coughing or sneezing

2. Touching contaminated surfaces

3. Ingesting contaminated food

4. Sharing personal items

The correct answer is: Coughing or sneezing

Coughing or sneezing is usually the primary way diseases can be passed on because these actions release respiratory droplets into the air. When an infected person coughs or sneezes, they expel tiny droplets that can contain pathogens. These droplets can be inhaled by individuals nearby, leading to the transmission of diseases, particularly respiratory infections such as the flu or COVID-19. This method of transmission is particularly significant because viruses and bacteria can travel considerable distances in the air, and even a brief interaction with an infected person can lead to the spread of disease. Moreover, respiratory droplets can also land on surfaces, creating opportunities for transmission through contact, adding to the overall risk of spreading infectious diseases. While touching contaminated surfaces, ingesting contaminated food, and sharing personal items are also valid methods of transmission, they typically play a secondary role compared to direct respiratory interactions. This highlights the importance of proper respiratory hygiene, such as covering one's mouth when coughing or sneezing and the use of masks, especially in crowded or enclosed spaces.